Crown Capital Eco Management Climate Warmer

WARMER CLIMATE CAUSES GREENER ARCTIC 

Researchers say, elevated temperatures and a longer growing season mean some of Earth’s chilliest regions are looking increasingly green.

As reported and base from the new study, at present the plant life at northern latitudes often looks like the vegetation researchers would have observed up to 430 miles (700 kilometers) farther south in 1982.

“It’s like Winnipeg, Manitoba, moving to Minneapolis-Saint Paul in only 30 years,” study researcher Compton Tucker of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., said in a statement.

A team of university and NASA scientists including Tucker looked at 30 years’ worth of satellite and land surface data on vegetation growth from 45 degrees north latitude to the Arctic Ocean. The researchers suggest that, in this region, large patches of lush vegetation now stretch over an area about the size of the continental United States and resemble what was found 4 to 6 latitude degrees to the south in 1982.

“Higher northern latitudes are getting warmer, Arctic sea ice and the duration of snow cover are diminishing, the growing season is getting longer and plants are growing more,” climate scientist Ranga Myneni of Boston University said in a statement, adding that the changes are leading to great disruptions for the region’s ecosystems.

In the precedent several decades the Arctic has been warming more rapidly than the rest of any part of earth. An amplified greenhouse effect is largely to blame for the changes in plant life, says Myneni. In this succession, high concentrations of heat-trapping gasses drive up temperatures in the ocean and atmosphere. This warming trims down Arctic sea ice and snow cover, reason for the oceans and land surfaces in the region to be exposed this is also because the ice and snow are more reflective than darker surfaces. These surfaces soak up more heat from the sun’s rays, so further heating of the air and further reduction of sea ice and snow emerge as a consequence. Myneni warns that the cycle could get worse.

“The greenhouse effect could be further amplified in the future as soils in the north thaw, releasing potentially significant amounts of carbon dioxide and methane,” Myneni said.

Because of the rising temperatures Arctic and boreal regions could see the equivalent of a 20-degree latitude shift by the end of this century, the team found this out using climate models. The amplified greenhouse effect could have other consequences, like more forest fires, pest infestations and droughts, which cut vegetation growth, researchers say.

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Capital Crown Eco Management | Renewable Energy Fraud Watch

CHEAP BATTERIES FOR BACKUP RENEWABLE ENERGY

Investors recently chipped in $15 million to fund battery startup EOS Energy Storage, a company that says its batteries could eventually compete with natural-gas power plants to provide power during times of peak demand.

Cheap energy storage is becoming increasingly important as greater numbers of wind turbines and solar panels are added to the grid. If renewable energy is to replace the fossil fuels that dominate power supplies and serve to backup wind turbines and solar panels, very large-scale, inexpensive batteries like the ones EOS is developing will be needed (see “Wind Turbines, Battery Included, Can Keep Power Supplies Stable,” “Battery Could Provide a Cheap Way to Store Solar Power,” and “A Solution to Solar Power Intermittency”).

EOS is trying to commercialize a type of battery that’s based on inexpensive materials: water, zinc, and air (see “Startup Promises a Revolutionary Grid Battery” and “Years in the Making, Promising Rechargeable Metal-Air Batteries Head to Market”). Such batteries—in which zinc reacts with oxygen in air to generate electricity—have been around for a long time, but it’s been difficult to make them rechargeable. Electrodes deteriorate, for example, and the batteries are inherently inefficient because of the difference in voltage levels when charging and discharging them—they waste nearly half the energy it takes to charge them.

EOS has addressed these issues in a couple of ways. It uses a slightly acidic water-based electrolyte that helps prevent deformations of the zinc electrode that can damage the battery.

The company is also supplementing the zinc-oxygen reaction with reactions between zinc and a mixture of up to six other materials (it won’t identify the type of compounds). The other reactions help reduce the difference between charge and discharge voltages, improving the efficiency from 60 percent to almost 75 percent. The mixture of reactions makes the battery more difficult to operate, but George Adamson, vice president of R&D, says that today’s battery management software is up to the task.

The decision to make use of these extra reactions was the result of a bit of serendipity. Impurities were causing unwanted side reactions in the original zinc-air prototypes. But then the researchers noticed the beneficial impact on voltage. “Once we realized that,” Adamson says, “we started searching on purpose for multiple combinations of reactions.”

EOS has built a two-kilowatt prototype. Eventually, its batteries will be packaged inside a shipping container to make one-megawatt batteries than can store six megawatt-hours of electricity, enough to power a typical U.S. home for six months. It plans to build a pilot manufacturing plant by the end of the year or early next year, and to start making full-size one-megawatt batteries by the end of 2014.

EOS wants to produce batteries that cost as little as $160 per kilowatt-hour and last for 30 years. Current batteries that cheap would fail after only a couple of years of service. The U.S. Department of Energy has set a goal of batteries at $100 per kilowatt-hour that can be recharged 5,000 times with 80 percent efficiency, saying that at that point batteries could be widely adopted for grid storage. EOS says its batteries can last 10,000 charges, which could make up for the higher upfront cost and lower efficiency of its batteries.

But the company hasn’t reached its goals yet. It says it’s “well within” $300 per kilowatt-hour. EOS has completely charged and discharged the most recent iteration of its battery cells over 1,000 times, and the batteries have so far retained 90 percent of their capacity. Typically, batteries are designed to retain 80 percent of their capacity at the end of their life, so the current rate of capacity loss is too fast for a 10,000-cycle battery.

But, Adamson says, much of the capacity loss is from electrolyte levels falling too low. In one experiment, topping off the batteries restored capacity from 80 percent to 96 percent of the original capacity. Manufactured batteries will come with a mechanism for automatically topping off the electrolyte, which could improve the durability of the system.

EOS says it’s teaming up with seven utility companies to test the battery and design it to the performance specifications they need—it will announce the partners in the next couple of weeks.

Source Article:

http://crowncapitalecomngtreviews.blog.com/2013/06/11/capital-crown-eco-management-renewable-energy-fraud-watch/

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Jakarta Crown Eco Management| Environment: Brazil's Forests - Profit from Destruction

http://www.zimbio.com/Environment/articles/Hf3ERmPmYPP/Jakarta+Crown+Eco+Management+Environment+Brazil

The murder in 2011 of José Cláudio Ribeiro da Silva and Maria do Espírito Santo hit international headlines. Both were environmental activists in the northern Brazilian state of Pará. Their deaths drew comparisons with other prominent campaigners who were killed in the Amazon basin, including Dorothy Stagg in 2005 and Brazilian trade unionist and environmental campaigner Chico Mendes (Francisco Alves Mendes Filho) in 1988. 

Da Silva and Santo had been supporting three families occupying primary forest that had been bought by José Rodrigues Moreira with the intention of turning it into cattle pastures. The two hired killers recently received sentences of more than 40 years each. Moreira, standing trial for ordering the killings, was released. 

Da Silva had been cited by human rights groups as at risk of assassination since 2008, and predicted his death six months before the event. Despite repeated death threats made to da Silva, no police protection was granted. 

In 2011, 32 environmentalists were killed in Brazil, according to the Guardian. In Pará, predominantly comprised of Amazonian forest, 231 were killed between 1996 and 2010, according to Brazilian NGO, the Pastoral Land Commission (CPT). “Violence is the instrument of local capitalism. They [landowners] are proud to kill and they’re seen by some as local heroes for defending their property with blood”, said Brazilian commentator Filipe Milanez. 

The Brazilian government has taken no real action to stop the ‘wild west’ agricultural capitalists in Pará. The Guardian reports that many of these, alongside speculators, are moving in to different states, such as Amazonas. According to the CPT, 918 environmentalists have been killed between 1985 and April 2011, but trials were only held in 27 instances. Chico Mendes’s killer had sent him death threats, and another state had an arrest warrant out on him for murder. Mendes informed the police of this. They took no action. 

The Amazon ecological system, or biome, covers 6.7 million square kilometres, and plays an immensely important role. It makes up half the planet’s remaining rainforests, and 10% of the world’s known species, many of which are not found elsewhere. There is an estimated population of 2.7 million indigenous people, making up around 350 ethnic groups. The biome is spread over nine countries. However, 60% is in Brazil. 

The Amazon basin is a large part of the carbon cycle. From the 1980s to 2004, it absorbed 1.5-2 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2 – a major greenhouse gas) a year, making it an important carbon sink. In contrast, roughly three quarters of Brazil’s greenhouse gas emissions come from deforestation through burning and rotting. The biome has a key effect on regional and global weather systems and is, in turn, impacted by changes elsewhere. 

According to Greenpeace, 15% of the Amazon biome has been destroyed through logging and the clearance of land for agricultural purposes. This has significantly reduced the Amazon’s ability to absorb CO2. In addition, two ‘once-in-a-century’ droughts have hit the region in the last decade alone. The 2005 drought led to the Amazon basin becoming a net emitter of CO2, releasing three billion tonnes through increases in rotting vegetation, according to a Leeds University study. The drought diminished the biome’s ability to absorb CO2 in subsequent years. Further damage to the Amazon biome could push the ecosystem over a tipping point, leading the region to become a permanent source of CO2. 

The rising concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has been linked to an increase in global temperatures. In May this year, CO2 parts per million (ppm) in the atmosphere passed the 400 mark, a concentration not seen since before the evolution of humans. 

With the effects of broader environmental change on weather patterns, the El Niño current in the Pacific ocean could become a permanent feature, adding to the disappearance of the Amazon biome. The UN climate panel report in 2007 projected that, with temperature rises leading to climate change, the region could see a “gradual replacement of tropical forest by savannah”. 

The destruction of the Amazon biome for agricultural purposes is short sighted. A study published earlier this year in Environmental Research Letters estimated a 34% fall in pasture productivity and a 28% decline in soya bean yields by 2050. It warned: “The more agriculture expands in the Amazon, the less productive it will become”. Intensive short-term farming has led to previously fertile soil becoming unable to support crops, and carbon stored in the soil being released into the atmosphere. 

The Brazilian government reports that the rate of man-made deforestation has decreased significantly over the last few years, although vast areas are still being destroyed: 4,656 square kilometres in the year to July 2012. Last year, however, the government rewrote the forest conservation laws, reducing protection for hilltops and other non-agricultural land. It grants an amnesty, effectively, for illegal deforestation. 

The bill was introduced primarily because of pressure from big agribusiness, in the face of mass opposition. A poll found that 80% of Brazilians opposed the bill, and an international petition gained over two million signatories. Because of this pressure, the bill took over a year to become law, and was only signed off with some concessions by president Dilma Rouseff in summer 2012. 

Agribusiness plays an increasingly important role in the Brazilian economy. Brazil is vying with the US to become the world’s largest soya bean producer. Brazil’s major exports are to China, with primary products making up the vast majority of the $77.1 billion exports. Manufacturing output as a share of GDP has slumped to the level of the mid-1950s. This has given agribusiness a more powerful clout over politicians. These major landowners are especially influential in the regional states which contain the Amazon biome, where they provide much local business and employment. 

An illegal forester quoted in the Guardian attempted to justify his actions: “Our survival has to come from the forest. There is no other way. There are no universities here. There are no factories. If you don’t have a government job, you have to claw some kind of survival from the rivers and the forest”. This is rich coming from one of those profiteering most out of local economic conditions! But the underdeveloped nature of regional economies is a big factor, allowing agribusiness to gain some local social support. 

Deforestation is often driven by demand for the natural resources found in the Amazon basin. A rise in global commodity prices was a significant factor in an increase in deforestation of 470% in March/April, as revealed by satellite images. Further encroachment could pick up speed, depending on world economic conditions. 

Rouseff has implemented neo-liberal attacks on the economy, which has seen lower than expected growth in recent years. Brazil currently employs just 1,400 federal environmental police to cover the entire country. Deforestation is mainly monitored from space, a costly exercise which may come under threat. While enforcement can be stepped up in one state, illegal deforestation can increase in the next. There is also widespread corruption, with constant scandals, making it even easier for big business to avoid deforestation penalties. 

There is a real battle taking place for the future of the region, which has a global impact. While big business maintains its grip, the future of the Amazon is under threat. A programme of radical land redistribution could prevent desperate small-scale farmers resorting to deforestation, and break the power of agribusiness. Use of the land surrounding the biome can and should be developed, but without encroachment and in consultation with the population, including the indigenous communities. An urgent socialist plan is needed across Latin America and the globe, to ensure the maintenance of the Amazon rainforest, tackling deforestation on the continent and rising global temperatures.

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Crown Eco Capital Management - Gas Boiler Technology: A Five-Part Strategy to Cap and Cut China's Coal Consumption

It is hard to miss the staggering statistics when it comes to coal in China, which now consumes nearly as much coal as the rest of the world combined. Unrestricted growth in coal consumption in the last decade has led to the worst air pollution in recent memory, with citizens in northern and central China breathing in higher levels of hazardous air pollution this past winter than if they were living in an airport smoking lounge. Coal mining and combustion also cause serious water and soil pollution, including the release of toxic metals like mercury and arsenic. Unless things change, there are plans to build even more coal-fired power plants in the future -- some 558 GW worth, which would be a 73% increase over China’s 2011 thermal power plant capacity.

The impacts of coal mining and consumption on China’s environment, public health and the economy are already astronomical: from January’s “airpocalypse” to the existence of “cancer villages” and 3.5% in GDP losses (in 2010 alone), this dirty and unsustainable energy source has catapulted to the center of attention among Chinese citizens and leaders alike. Given coal’s heavy costs, China’s leaders are paying close attention to coal and have sought now seek to reduce coal consumption and pollution by introducing a suite of policy measures, including:  

• Establishing pilot carbon emissions trading programs in five cities (Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen, Tianjin, and Chongqing) and two provinces (Guangdong and Hubei). Shenzhen’s carbon trading program starts June 17 and will cover 638 companies responsible for 38% of the city’s emissions. China is also continuing to develop its low carbon pilot cities and provinces program.
• Capping total energy consumption at 4 billion tons of coal equivalent by 2015, although this is a non-binding target and no penalties are in place yet for non-compliance.
• Considering a tax on resources, including coal, in order to account for the environmental costs of coal and shift investment towards clean energy.
• Finalizing new emissions control limits for six heavily-polluting industries. China’s power sector accounts for about 50 percent of its coal consumption and emissions, and heavy industries such as iron and steel, cement and coal chemicals also constitute a large share, causing major climate and air pollution.
• Planning regional coal consumption cap pilots in key regions such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta and the Shandong city cluster as part of China’s “Twelfth Five Year Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control in Key Areas (in Chinese).” The pilots are aimed at bringing much-needed regional cooperation and coordination to reduce key air pollutants by 2015, including cutting PM 2.5 by 5-6 percent. But as with the total energy consumption cap, the details and penalties for non-compliance are still unclear.

While these are all critically important policy measures, the underlying challenge remains that China consumes too much coal overall, and much more needs to be done to reduce coal consumption to a level compatible with China’s and the world’s long-term sustainable development. Global carbon dioxide levels have now passed 400 ppm and will continue to grow rapidly if countries do not wean off fossil fuels and scale up cleaner energy sources. And as the world’s biggest emitter of carbon dioxide—spewing out 10 billion out of the global total of 38.2 billion tons in 2011—China is a key player in the future of sustainable development.  

Although scaling up alternatives to coal may seem a formidable task, we believe China can develop the policies and technologies needed to cap and then cut its coal consumption in the next decade. We are working with government researchers, academics, NGOs and others to develop an effective and enforceable coal cap policy that will address the severe pollution and health impacts from coal while providing cleaner energy sources for China’s economy. Such a program could begin at the city and regional levels, where coal consumption cap policies are already being developed, and ultimately scale up to a national binding target that is incorporated into China’s future Five Year Plans.

Here are five key components of NRDC’s coal cap strategy:

1. Work with the largest coal consuming sectors and regions to help them develop integrated plans for capping coal use through more efficient technologies, fuel switching and closing outdated production capacity. In order to address coal consumption, it will be important to work with the largest coal-consuming sectors (power, iron and steel, cement, and chemicals) to find ways to scale up more efficient technologies such as combined heat and power that can reduce coal consumption. These sectors should be required to install and operate pollution control and emissions monitoring equipment when consuming coal, and should be incentivized to switch from coal to natural gas and renewables in order to reduce their emissions. Plants with smaller and less efficient boilers and other equipment should be phased out or required to use natural gas.

Similarly, those cities and regions that face the worst air pollution from coal should be the focus of efforts to pilot coal consumption caps and to develop plans and policies for capping and reducing coal consumption in the next five years by scaling up clean energy sources and developing lower carbon economies that do not rely as much on heavy industry for development. 

Focusing on these key sectors and regions and showing that they can begin to limit their coal consumption will help to develop the policies and experience needed to reach a national coal cap policy.

2. Strengthen enforcement of coal consumption and emissions targets and standards through improved data and enforcement tools. Strengthening data on coal production and consumption and emissions from coal consuming facilities is key to providing a foundation for implementing a coal consumption cap and related policies such as a resource tax or carbon trading, and for enforcing emissions standards. Online emissions monitoring systems should be installed on all power plants and industrial facilities over a minimum size, with public reporting of data and penalties for false or inadequate reporting. 

It is also important to strengthen the use of pollution permits and environmental impact assessments to manage the impacts of high coal-consuming projects. These tools should provide a way for the government and the public to supervise emitters’ compliance with coal consumption targets and pollution standards, pushing them to find ways during project planning to reduce emissions and health impacts to the lowest extent possible, including by reducing consumption of coal and increasing use of cleaner energy sources.

3. Continue to scale up energy efficiency and renewable energy: China has made significant progress in energy efficiency but still requires about twice as much energy as the world’s average to produce one unit of GDP.  We have been working to scale up demand side management programs to improve efficiency in industry, and have also been promoted policies and standards to improve building energy efficiency in China. Meanwhile, China is already the world’s largest investor in renewable energy, leads the world in wind power capacity and solar hot water heating, and plans to increase its use of non-fossil energy (nuclear and renewables) to 15 percent of primary energy consumption by 2020 (including 200 GW of wind power and 50 GW of solar power).  However, China still faces technical, economic and regulatory challenges that are preventing it from fully utilizing its efficiency and renewable resources, which will require cooperation and support from international partners to help develop best practices for market transformation.

4. Develop responsible standards and best practices for shale gas and nuclear power development: China reportedly has nearly 50 percent more “technically recoverable” reserves of shale gas than the U.S., and has ambitious plans to develop its unconventional gas resources. While natural gas is much less polluting during combustion than coal, unregulated hydraulic fracturing (or “fracking”) consumes a significant amount of water and has the potential to cause water pollution, high methane emissions, and other environmental damage. We’re working with policymakers in China to learn from best practices for environmental protection in the U.S., so that China can develop this resource as safely as possible. Similarly, we are providing policy recommendations to help strengthen China’s nuclear safety regulatory system post-Fukushima.

5. Help to implement carbon trading and carbon tax pilot programs: In addition to mandatory coal consumption cap targets for local governments and enterprises, it will be important to begin to develop market and fiscal mechanisms such as carbon trading and/or a carbon tax, in order to price carbon to send a signal to the market to shift investment from fossil fuels to low-carbon energy sources. Developing these market and fiscal measures to price carbon will depend on accurate data on coal consumption and regulation of emitters. It will also be important that government revenues from pricing carbon through either carbon trading or a carbon tax be used to provide incentives for energy efficiency and renewable energy in order to spur the investments needed to scale up low-carbon energy.

Establishing a binding coal consumption cap policy adds a critically important lever to existing climate and energy policies in China. Capping coal will not be an easy task, and will require both applying pressure and providing incentives for both industry and government officials to act. Doing so will not only clean up China’s air but also conserve water and land resources, reduce water pollution, and alleviate transportation pressures, all of which will help secure a healthier future for China’s citizens, environment and economic growth. 

Source Article:

http://switchboard.nrdc.org/blogs/alin/a_five-part_strategy_to_cap_an.html

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Crown Capital Management Jakarta Indonesia: Pentalver Launch Bespoke Service for Biomass Sector

http://www.shelfari.com/groups/101394/discussions/478364/Crown-Capital-Management-Environmental-News

Container company Pentalver has created a new solution to the problem of where to house a new wood pellet store using its ISO containers.

With a ready supply of new or pre-used containers, storage facilities, skilled container conversion personnel and on-site electrics and plumbing, Pentalver says it is able to rework shipping containers to create a separate boiler house and fuel store, with an internal capacity of 33.2 m³.

It adds that the benefits of using shipping containers include their strong structure and weight bearing capacity which makes them ideal for housing heavy boiler equipment. There is also no need for additional foundations or a base as containers can be landed directly on to the ground.

Other benefits of the container boiler room are said to include: portability, ease of installation (it simply needs to sit on a concrete plinth) and a low cost alternative to an expensive permanent structure.

Sam Baggley, group container sales manager at Pentalver, said: “With the government committed to meeting 15 percent of the UK’s energy demand from renewable sources by 2020 and financial assistance available through the Renewable Heat Incentive, biomass installations are on the increase.

“Our converted containers provide a cost-efficient method of creating a totally bespoke boiler room that can be located in close proximity to residential or commercial properties.”

Source: http://chirpstory.com/li/80422

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Krone Kapital Eco Management Jakarta Indonesien: Die Biomasse-Kesselanlage

http://www.zimbio.com/Environment/articles/6VCNXwARH_p/Krone+Kapital+Eco+Management+Jakarta+Indonesien

Biomasse-Kessel behandelt wirtschaftliche Belange

Die Kesselanlage wurde entworfen, um hervorzuheben, wie Biomasse verringern oder beseitigen die Nutzung fossiler Brennstoffe kann. Besucher können sehen, dass den Kessel durch speziell Windows zu betreiben. In der Halle außerhalb der Heizungsraum, der Lärm Ebene und ambient Temperatur steht im Einklang mit dem Rest des Gebäudes.

Brennstoff-Kosten wurden um zwei Drittel gesenkt. Verdichtetes Pucks werden mit fast keine verbleibende Asche verwendet; schließlich jedoch werden Baumischabfälle aus Ketchikan-Wanderwege gemahlen und in der Kessel überflüssig für den Transport zu einer Deponie, brennen und andere Methoden der Entsorgung zugeführt.

Zenai Swains beachten Sie "Die Firma Krone Ca..."

Die Kommission von Umweltaktivisten Prognose 3 Billionen Euro würde bis 2050 auf ihre grüne Revolution Kampagne-EU Energie zu generieren fast völlig CO2-frei.

Die Energie-Verschiebung entstünde bereits rund eine halbe million zusätzliche Arbeitsplätze bis 2020, Crown Forscher vom Deutschen Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt DLR, die auch spezialisiert auf Energie und Verkehr, gefunden. Es ist gesetzlich geregelt, um sicherzustellen, dass 20 Prozent des Energie-Mixes als Teil einer Reihe von drei wichtigsten Umweltziele im besagten Jahr grün ist. Aber es muss noch Einigung über verbindliche Ziele 2020, obwohl die Notwendigkeit für eine nahezu CO2-freien Strom-Mix bis 2050 unverbindliche Fahrpläne angelegt haben.

Wald und Regenwälder

Krone Capital Eco Management ist bestrebt, Rechenschaftspflicht und Transparenz im Forstsektor zu erhöhen, da dies sicherlich zu verbesserte Verwaltung von wertvollen Wälder der Welt führen wird. Unser Ziel ist es, das Entwicklung eines komplett nachhaltige Forstwirtschaft zu initiieren, die den Lebensunterhalt der betroffenen Menschen besser konnte, gleichzeitig positiv auf die langfristige wirtschaftliche Lage der jeweiligen Nationen beitragen. Durch kontinuierliche Überwachung, vor allem in der Holzindustrie und Training des Waldes, die Überwachung der Gerichtsvollzieher strebt Krone Capital Eco Management baut einen offenen Dialog mit den beteiligten Parteien.

Unsere Gruppe nutzt öffentlich zugänglichen Satellitendaten aktualisierte Landkarten von Waldlichtungen und Treibhausgas-Emissionen, die hilfreiche Daten für Wald-Naturschutz-Behörden liefern zu generieren.

Krone Capital Eco Management bietet technische Unterstützung für bestimmte Regionen um ihnen zu ermöglichen, bei der Verwendung von "remote sensing Technologies" bei der Beurteilung der Menge an Kohlenstoff-Bestände und Wald Abdeckung Änderungen. Solche Bemühungen werden voraussichtlich eine zuverlässige Wald Überwachungsprogramm für jede Nation, während die Förderung der regionalen Zusammenarbeit.

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Sea Disputes, North Korea in Spotlight at ASEAN Summit : Crown Eco Management

Jakarta Capital Environmental Blog, Crown Eco Management

Original Article:

http://www.thecrownmanagement.com/sea-disputes-n-korea-in-spotlight-at-asean-summit/

Concerned about possible escalation of long-seething tensions over certain isles in South China Sea, Southeast Asian officials meeting in Brunei this week are planning to press China to agree to begin talks to draft a new pact aimed at preventing a major military confrontation in one of the busiest waterways in the globe.

Apprehension over North Korea’s recent saber-rattling is also expected to compete for attention over vital economic issues in the annual ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) Summit being held Wednesday and Thursday in Bandar Seri Begawan, capital of Brunei.

The 10-nation ASEAN bloc is under time-pressure to try to develop the significantly culture-differentiated region of 600 million people after the European Union model-community before 2016.

First conceptualized in a 2007 master plan, the work to transform the dynamic region into a singular market-and-production hub has reached about 77 percent completion, according to a draft declaration to be released after the summit. No details as to what remains undone have been given.

A copy of the joint statement obtained by The Associated Press on Monday states the ASEAN leaders’ continuing commitment to ensure the peaceful resolution of South China Sea conflicts within the bounds of international law  and “without resorting to the threat or use of force.”

ASEAN stands to call for “the early adoption of a code of conduct in the South China Sea,” referring to a legally-binding agreement it would like to forge with China to replace a 2002 nonaggression accord that has failed to stop territorial conflicts.

China, Taiwan and ASEAN members Malaysia, Brunei, Vietnam and the Philippines have overlapping territorial claims across the South China Sea, which Beijing claims in its entirety. Vietnam and the Philippines, for instance, have been constantly playing cat-and-mouse with China over the region in recent years, with diplomatic squabbles exploding over gas and oil exploration and fishing rights.

A tense standoff last year between Chinese and Filipino naval ships over the resource-rich Scarborough Shoal has remained unsettled.

The Philippine vessels withdrew; but China has adamantly declined from pulling out its three surveillance ships and removing a rope stopping Filipino fishermen from venturing into a Scarborough lagoon.

The Philippines, early this year, protested against China’s extensive territorial claims before an arbitration tribunal of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in a bold legal action that China has all but ignored. The tribunal is still hoping to appoint three more of five arbiters by Thursday, then begin investigating the complaint whether it has jurisdiction.

A pre-summit conference of ASEAN foreign ministers in Brunei two weeks ago generally revolved around concerns over the territorial disputes and concluded with a demand for an early completion of a nonaggression pact with China, Philippine Foreign Secretary Albert del Rosario stated.

Chinese officials, however, have not specifically signified when they would decide to meet for discussions on the proposed accord.

ASEAN unity has been endangered by the territorial issue. Cambodia, an all of China, rejected moves to have the issue inserted in a post-ministerial statement during last year’s summit. Vietnam and the Philippines protested the snub and the ASEAN summit concluded without issuing an after-conference communique, a first in the bloc’s 45-year existence.

China has vigorously refused to bring the issues to the international forum, opting to deal with each of its rivals on a one-on-one basis. It has also warned U.S. not to intervene in the regional disputes.

Founded in 1967 as a front against communism in the Cold War era, ASEAN has often been caught in the crossfire of major conflicts. As it is, the bloc walks an unsteady tightrope between a growing China and a powerful America that is reasserting its status in Asia-Pacific.

The two giants wield tremendous influence over the developing, small ASEAN nations, whose region has become a battleground for political and security control and export markets as it contains one of the world’s busiest sea lanes.

National Defense Forces from all of members of ASEAN, together with eight other countries that include the United States and China, will conduct, for the first time, three-day disaster preparedness drills in Brunei come June to promote confidence among the multinational troops, the draft summit statement also mentioned.

Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah, Brunei’s media-shy leader, has initiated the tedious ground-work to prevent any major fisaco in the ASEAN summits his tiny but oil-rich kingdom is hosting this year.

Bolkiah has separately met with US President Barack Obama and Chinese leader Xi Jinping prior to this week’s summit. Last week, he flew to Manila, to discuss part of the summit agenda with Philippine President Benigno Aquino III.

When his gleaming Royal Brunei Air plane taxied to a red-carpet welcome in Manila, Philippine officials were surprised to see Bolkiah, who also commands Brunei’s defense forces, at the pilot’s seat.

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